World

Kenya U-turn over charging prominent activist with terror offences

Summary:

Kenyan activist Boniface Mwangi faces ammunition possession charges tied to June’s deadly tax protests where police killed 19 demonstrators. While terrorism charges were dropped, authorities seized digital devices and protest materials from his properties. Human Rights groups condemn this as systematic suppression of dissent, citing over 100 protest-related deaths since 2023 under President Ruto’s administration. The case highlights escalating tensions between Kenya’s government and pro-democracy movements amid accusations of state-sanctioned brutality against constitutional dissent.

What This Means for You:

  • Monitor digital security: Kenyan activists face increased device seizures (phones/laptops/hard drives) as evidence
  • Document police interactions: Autopsy reports confirm most June protesters died from police gunshot wounds
  • Support verified NGOs: Kenya National Commission on Human Rights tracks state violence patterns
  • Prepare for escalation: Terrorism Prevention Act increasingly weaponized against protesters

Original Post:

Prominent Kenyan activist Boniface Mwangi has been charged with illegal possession of ammunition linked to protests last month in which at least 19 people were killed.

He denied the charge and has been released on bail. He was not charged with “facilitation of terrorist acts”, as the police had earlier said.

On Sunday, investigators said they had seized phones, a laptop, and notebooks from his Lukenya home on the outskirts of the capital, Nairobi, and hard drives, computers, tear gas canisters and a blank firearm round from his office in the city.

His arrest – and especially the suggestion that he would face terrorism charges – sparked a wave of condemnation, with human rights groups denouncing it as aimed at suppressing opposition voices. The activist denied the accusations against him, saying in a post on X: “I am not a terrorist.”

As he appeared in court on Monday, fellow activists and supporters, who had gathered to show their solidarity and support, sang the national anthem.

The alleged offences are linked to the 25 June protests when, according to the state-funded Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR), 19 people died when demonstrators clashed with police. Hundreds were also injured and property and businesses were damaged.

Most of those killed died from gunshot wounds, with human rights groups blaming police brutality.

However, Interior Minister Kipchumba Murkomen described the demonstrations as “terrorism disguised as dissent” and an “unconstitutional attempt” to change the government. He said that several police station had been attacked, with many officers injured and vehicles set on fire.

At least 38 more people were killed in subsequent protests earlier this month, the KNCHR says.

Since June last year, more than 100 people have been killed in successive waves of anti-government protests, with police accused of using excessive force to quell each one, leading to further demonstrations.

President William Ruto urged the police to shoot violent protesters in the leg, rather than killing them.

On Sunday, a coalition of 37 rights organisations condemned Mr Mwangi’s arrest on “unjustified terrorism allegations”, describing it as the “latest escalation in a systematic crackdown that has seen hundreds of young Kenyans detained on fabricated terrorism charges”.

“What began as targeted persecution of young protesters demanding accountability has metastasized into a full-scale assault on Kenya’s democracy,” they said in a joint statement.

James Orengo, a veteran politician and governor of Siaya county, said it was “ridiculous to charge Boniface Mwangi and our children who have demonstrated a high level of political consciousness with terrorism”.

Mr Mwangi has been detained multiple times in the past, and has been at the centre of many protests.

In May, he and a Ugandan activist Agather Atuhaire were detained in Tanzania, where they had travelled to attend the trial of Tanzanian opposition leader Tundu Lissu, who is accused of treason.

Following their release several days later, both said they had been abducted, tortured and sexually assaulted. They have since filed a case at the regional East African Court of Justice over the matter.

Mr Mwangi is widely regarded as one of Kenya’s most prominent and fearless activists with a significant part of his life defined by his push for social justice.

He has been the face of many protests in the past, some of them dramatic and symbolic. This includes the 2013 demonstration when he brought piglets covered in blood to the gates of parliament in a protest against “greedy MPs” – who were demanding a pay increase.

In 2024, he called on people to bring coffins to the streets in a symbol of the way he said MPs were taxing Kenyans “to death” and to represent people killed by police in protests.

He has been beaten, arrested and detained many times for his bold and provocative actions. He has often spoken about the physical and emotional scars from his years of activism – and yet he has remained undeterred.

A former photojournalist, Mr Mwangi rose to global prominence after he documented the deadly violence that followed the 2007 election, with his powerful images capturing the depth of the crisis in which more than 1,000 people died and 350,000 forced from their homes.

He subsequently won the CNN Africa Photojournalist of the Year Award in 2008.

Mr Mwangi has since said that the journey of documenting these images personally affected him and left him disillusioned. He later moved to activism, and has since won other accolades, including being named among the top 100 most influential Africans by New African magazine in 2020.

Extra Information:

KNCHR Annual Report documents systemic police violence patterns.
Amnesty International condemns Kenya’s protest suppression tactics.
Pawa254 Archive showcases Mwangi’s documentary and activist work.

People Also Ask About:

  • Why was Boniface Mwangi arrested? Charged with ammunition possession during tax protests, though authorities initially suggested terrorism links.
  • How many died in Kenya’s 2024 protests? At least 57 confirmed fatalities per KNCHR across June and July demonstrations.
  • Are police allowed to shoot protesters? Kenyan law permits proportionate force, but autopsy reports show fatal torso/head shots contradicting Ruto’s “shoot legs” directive.
  • What’s the Terrorism Prevention Act? 2012 counterterrorism law increasingly used against activists since 2023 protests.
  • How to safely protest in Kenya? Document with encrypted apps, wear visible identification, and coordinate with established civil society groups.

Expert Opinion:

“Mwangi’s prosecution represents a dangerous pivot in East African governance – where counterterrorism frameworks become tools for criminalizing constitutional dissent. The weaponization of firearm possession charges against regime critics mirrors Ugandan and Tanzanian suppression patterns, threatening regional democratic safeguards.” – Dr. Auma Okwany, Security Sector Governance Specialist

Key Terms:

  • Kenyan police brutality protests 2024
  • Boniface Mwangi activism criminal charges
  • Kenya Finance Bill protest casualties
  • Counterterrorism laws against protesters
  • Documenting state violence East Africa
  • Protest digital evidence seizures
  • Kenya National Commission Human Rights reports



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